Catch 22, Close reading of Chapter 24 Essays

Catch 22, Close reading of Chapter 24 Essays Catch 22, Close reading of Chapter 24 Paper Catch 22, Close reading of Chapter 24 Paper Essay Topic: Literature Catch 22 is a novel set in World War 2. The universal phrase Catch 22 simply means a situation whereby one is destined to lose. The passage is placed in the setting of Milo and Yossarian engaged in a conversation concerning Milos investment, Egyptian cotton. Milos character is symbolic of what is wrong with capitalism; he lacks morals and consideration for other people and is tremendously selfish. Earlier in the novel, Milos sleeps in luxurious hotels whilst Yossarian and Orr sleep in the plane, which is representative of Milos self centred characteristics, as is this passage. The passage opens with Milo persuading Yossarian to eat the chocolate covered cotton. He declares that he would like to serve it to the men suggestive of good intentions. However, the later account that the men have got to swallow it is a contradiction and serves to illustrate more of Milos forceful and corrupt power. In the passage, Heller directs the reader towards symbolism that denotes Milo as sinful. There are outstanding similarities to the story of Adam and Eve, with Milo sharing similar characteristics to Satan. Both Satan and Milo are corrupting man for their own benefit, Satan to corrupt humankind and Milo to increase his profit. Heller employs a vast amount of biblical references to highlight the connection to the Book of Genesis. Satan uses the tree of life to tempt eve with the apple, whilst Milo stroked the tree affectionately with close inspection suggesting that there is profit to be made. A financial endeavour is central to the character of Milo, signified by the symbolic connotations of the chocolate covered cotton. Milos concern is more about forcing the men to eat the cotton than whether or not they will enjoy it, thus proving Milo as a shrewd businessman caught up in greed. The chocolate covered cotton symbolises the lack of morals in both the military service and the world, hiding corruption beneath an exciting exterior. Milo deceitfully disguises the cotton with chocolate. Similarly, Satan disguises himself as a serpent to deceive Eve. The idea that appearance is deceptive creates another resemblance between Satan and Milo. Whilst Satan preyed on Eves weakness to flattery, Milo heightened the excitement of the cotton by covering it with chocolate. The biblical references in this passage are interesting as there is a lack of religious beliefs in the novel. Yossarian focuses on the bad occurrences in the world and questions God, therefore representing his character as being one of rebellion. His imagination that the chestnut tree is the knowledge of good and evil affords a level of sarcasm. The reader learns a lot about Yossarians character in this passage. Yossarian removes his uniform as he despises all that it symbolises. Sitting naked in the tree could denote Yossarian as crazy, however, there is a suggestion that with his uniform on he is simply another poor kid with a lost identity. Furthermore, the rarity of his Assyrian name represents his alienation, whilst also proposing the idea that he has been dehumanised by the war. In comparison, Milo patriotically wears the coarse olive drab uniform, with the interpretation that due to his corruption within the military service he may aspire to be unknown. However, the language Heller uses to describe the uniform suggests restriction, thus Milos tie knotted tight metaphorically signifies the restrictions that war inflicts. The contrast between Yossarian and Milo sitting in the tree is representational of their characters. Yossarian is defiant, refuses to participate in the war, and does not hide that fact. However, Milo conforms to the war and wears the uniform because he can financially benefit from such tragedies. Milo, like the chocolate covered cotton hides flaws and immorality behind a fai ade to connote oneself as trustworthy. He, like the officers exploits the name of the country to further his own profits. The latter part of the passage is a build up to the scene where Yossarian and Milo witness Snowdens burial. Heller employs the scarlet crested bird to create a metaphor for death. Scarlet denotes danger and blood, whilst the movement of the bird who shot by generates the idea of the gunshot. Finally, the quivering bush represents the fear and death of the soldier. This metaphor may represent Snowdens death and foreshadows the burial, as does the description of inactive nature as the leaves hung motionless. Yossarian and Milo witness the funeral and their dissimilar reactions are significant in displaying their experiences of the war. Whilst Milo points excitedly showing a level of naivety, Yossarian answered slowly in a level voice, thus signifying his remorse that returns. The death of Snowden entirely transformed the meaning of war for Yossarian and it troubles him to watch the burial. For a short while, Milos brown eyes filled with tears but immediately he only mourns the loss of his cotton, communicating that money is more important than life. Yossarian uses the opportunity of Snowdens burial to strengthen the grudge he holds upon Milo for Mudds death. Mudd was killed before he even got into the squadron due to Milo bombing the site to be rid of the Egyptian cotton. The very fact that Milo refuses to take responsibility of Mudds death reinforces him as a greedy, selfish Lieutenant. Mudd is referred to as the dead man in [Yossarians] tent, which reiterates the suggestion that the war dehumanises a person. This is a typical theme of war literature and supports the argument that capital is more imperative than life. In conclusion, this passage contains an interesting amount of themes and ideas that Heller incorporates into Catch 22 to create the dissimilar views and experiences of men at war; we must not assume men at war are homogeneous. Heller seems to be using humour to highlight the futility of war and the way in which it changes a man. Heller touches on events that are significant in displaying both ones character and their experiences. The passage continuously draws dissimilarities between Yossarian and Milo to create a distance of morals amid them.

Rethinking Construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Rethinking Construction - Essay Example As a result of our research, the conclusion we have reached, with some notable exceptions, is that there was merit in John Regan's task force findings and that, in general, it has improved the performance of the construction industry. However, we have also concluded that in certain areas of the industry in general, and despite the incentives and organizations set up2, the implementation of the proposal is taking longer than had been envisaged. The main thrust of the "Rethinking Construction" report was for the partnering approach to form the central focus of construction projects. Such a system has been successfully implemented in many other industries as part of an integrated supply chain procedure. The report went on to suggest that if the construction industry executed the initiatives recommended, there could be anticipated significant annual improvements and savings in a number of key industry areas. These included: - The intention was to show the industry a way forward and help it to revitalize and refocus itself after a period of stagnation and poor productivity and profitability. It was also seen as a foundation stone in the rebuilding of the industry's less than perfect reputation, resulting from its propensity to deliver projects late, over-budget and not to the highest quality. In 1998 the report suggested to the industry guidelines in respect of the timescale for change, warning of the possible repercussions if the need for such change was not taken on board and treated seriously. In an effort to show the way and prove to the industry in general the value that the "Rethinking Construction", the task force called upon the government and construction industry leaders to put together a number of demonstration development projects, which would act as models for evaluation purposes. It asked for 500 millions worth of such projects. In the event, some 6 billion's worth were forthcoming. Positive Results There have been some notable successes where the task force recommendations have been fully implemented. The following, (figure 1) shows how the joint government / industry pilot schemes fared in the year 2001. It can be clearly seen from this table the results on a number of the KPI's3 set down by the task force have exceeded expectations. The most notable of these have been in safety, design time predictability and defects, which the original report had suggested should be targeted for 20% per annum improvement. There have also been some notable successes in partnering within the private sector. L.T. Deeprose Ltd, based in Guildford in Surrey, is a case in point. This company has embraced both the spirit and the physical aspect of "Rethinking Construction". The company concentrate on two aspects of the industry, development and contracting. On the development side they have built up working relationships with property advisor and estate agents, contracting Clients, specialized sub-contractors and consultants, including architects. By building a long term relationship with all of these organizations and involving them at all stages of a project, the company is able to meet, and continues to meet, the majority of the benefits that the report suggested would be

Solar Power Sustainability UAE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Solar Power Sustainability UAE - Essay Example From the law of conservation, it is explicitly stated that energy is neither created nor destroyed. This law simply means that energy is bale to change the state, but it cannotbe destroyed. How to handle energy wastes is the key factor that calls for environmental protection. In Dubai and UAE, solar energy is a potential source of energy. It is because of the extreme hot climatic condition in United Arab Emirates, and the sun is always available. According to reports, UAE is the leading in cleaner energy production. Most countries rely on non-renewable sources of energy like the petroleum products, fossil fuels and trees (Goal#5). These non-renewable sources of energy are the leading contributors of the greenhouse gases that are affecting the environment at large through causing global warming and climate change. Also, the nonrenewable sources of energy are not sustainable because they can be depleted because of the increasing demand. Scientists say that the available fuel may not be able to support the future generation because the degree at which they are being exploited is higher than the rate at which the earth can generate more fossil. According to projections that have been done by experts, solar energy can help UAE to save billions of money. The DEWA, Dubai Electricity & Water Authority, has been supplying hydroelectric power to a population greater than, 600,000 citizens. Due to the increasing human population, the demand for power has risen and water source for energy is not able to supply enough electricity without rationing. Due to this power supply constraint, there was a proposal for shifting the energy source to solar energy. The solar energy supply was established in 2008, April with an objective of reducing the usage of other energy sources(Gordon, 2001). This project was geared towards supporting sustainability in harvesting natural resources from the environment. Basically,

Good vs Evil in King Lear Essay Example for Free

Good vs Evil in King Lear Essay Life will always bestow us with choices which we must wisely choose either a moral or immoral response to. Shakespeare exemplifies goodness and wickedness in King Lear. The play presents a powerful manifestation of loyalty, specifically through the characters Kent, Edgar, and Cordelia. Kent’s unrestricted loyalty to Lear remains stable throughout the play. He recognizes Lear’s tragic flaw and remains faithful, even after being banished. His reliability is further divulged when he attacks Oswald, Goneril’s loyal servant. Kent’s defensive actions result in him being placed in the stocks. This sacrifice adds to his loyal attitude of pursuing the King’s well-being and safety. Oswald is loyal to Goneril, and acts well as a contrasting character to Kent. They both share the attribute of loyalty; however Oswald’s loyalty is based on immoral decisions, while Kent’s is not. Following Lear’s death, Kent foreshadows that he too will pass on, reuniting himself with Lear. Furthermore, Edgar is betrayed by his evil, manipulative brother, and he is forced to disappear. Edgar’s goodness is displayed when he treats Gluocester with kindness, regardless of his father’s misjudgment. In addition, Edgar gives his father strength by saving his life making him believe a deity has saved him from jumping off a cliff. This renaissance causes Gluocester to think and act more wisely in future endeavors. Edgar and Kent’s morality and loyalty are not affected by their mistreatment provided by their superiors, which ultimately verifies them as accurate symbols of good. Cordelia is an exemplar for true virtue in her acts of forgiveness and loyalty towards her father. Lear, distressed by his beloved daughter’s response of â€Å"nothing† to his love test, banishes Cordelia and denies her any land and power. Lear turning his back on Cordelia foretells destruction, since she is one of the only people in Lear’s life that is loyal and express’s genuine feelings towards him. Furthermore, she foreshadows her death by returning to the kingdom to the aid of her father. She understands the dangers of returning, but despite these dangers she continues to emanate loyalty. Shakespeare delivers the existence of suffering through the presence of good and evil. Through Kent, Edgar, and Cordelia, Shakespeare has made it apparent that evil is unavoidable, yet virtue, loyalty, and forgiveness is rooted to everyone. It takes certain individuals to have the courage and power to be able to express these moral characteristics.

The Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

People judge others they encounter based upon their own values. These values are acquired through experiences in the home, school, at work, and with friends. A person is taught from their parents at a very young age what is right and wrong, but they may fail to realize that the values they are taught are filtered through the minds of those who teach. Therefore one is a product of their previous generation adding our his or her judgement to the values that we will pass on.Hawthorne judges the characters in The Scarlet Letter by using his own values. These values were drastically different from other Puritans. Instead of the stern, harsh values of the Puritans, Hawthorne sees life through the eyes of a Romantic. He judges each person accordingly, characterizing each person's sin as the pardonable sin of nature or the unpardonable sin of the human soul. One can infer, by the writing style, that Hawthorne is most forgiving to Hester. He writes about Hester with a feeling of compassion that the descriptions of the other characters lack. Hawthorne approves of Hetser's feeling, vitality, and thirst to overcome the iron shackles of binding society. He shows us that although Hester is not permitted to express her feelings verbally because of social persecution, there is no one that can restrain the thoughts of the human mind. Hawthorne, being a romantic and man of nature himself, can relate to the this. - If you were to look up the human mating characteristics in a science book you may surprise yourself. The human instinct is to have more than one partner not to stay loyal to one partner- In fact Hester is often contrasted with the Puritan laws and rules, especially when Hawthorne states: "The world's law was no law for her mind." (70) Roger Chillingworth's personality is one of intelligence and knowledge but no feeling. Hawthorne considers Roger Chilingworth's sin the worst in the book. In one of his journal entrees he labels it the "unpardonable sin." Hawthorne describes him as very cold and Puritan-like, an educated man that looked very scholarly. As stated here:There was a remarkable intelligence in his features, as a person who had so cultivated his mental part that it could not fail to mould to physical to itself, and become manifest by unmistakable tokens. (67)Hawthorne frequently refers to Chillingworth's genius and diction, but purposely fails to have Chillingworth show any slight sign of compassion.

IKEA †Case Study Essay

Synopsis of the situation IKEA (Ingvar Kamprad Elmtaryd Agunnaryd) is a privately held, international home products company that designs and sells ready-to-assemble furniture, appliances and home accessories. The company is now the world’s largest furniture retailer. IKEA was founded in 1943 by 17-year-old Ingvar Kamprad in Sweden, named as an acronym comprising the initials of the founder’s name (Ingvar Kamprad), the farm where he grew up (Elmtaryd), and his home parish. Kamprad started the company at his home as a mail order company. He sold goods which he purchased from low priced sources and then advertized in a newsletter to local shopkeepers. In 1948 he added in his catalogue furniture. Furniture was a success so he gave up the small items and focused only on furniture. In 1951 he opened the first display store in nearby Almhult where the customers could preview and inspect products and then order from the catalogue. This was also an immediate success as people travelled even from Stockholm to visit the store. This led IKEA to stop accepting mail orders. Now, the IKEA strategy is to publish a yearly catalogue, distribute it to the clients and encourage them to visit the store name (Barlett, Ghoshal, & Beamish, 2008). The sales take off in the late 50s led IKEA to look abroad for new sources of supply as the local industry could not respond to the demand. In 1961, IKEA outsourced production to furniture factories in Poland. Poland became IKEAs largest source and lowered significantly the production costs. This allowed IKEA to reduce its prices even more. The success in Poland led IKEA to adopt a general principle that it should mot own its means of production but should look for suppliers with whom it should develop close long term relationships. Building on the first store’s success, the first store in Stockholm opened in 1965. Even before that, in 1963, IKEA operated a store in Oslo. Other  countries followed and today IKEA operates 313 stores in 38 countries, most of them in Europe, North America, Asia and Australia (IKEA, 2010). Some of IKEAs competitive advantages are that the brand is associated with simple, low cost,  stylish products. The concept was furnishing products and house-wares that had wide appeal to a variety of markets and segments, both consumer and the business market exclusively. Both markets were looking for well styled, high quality furniture that reasonably priced and readily available. Also, IKEA developed a model for the business, where it was able to keep costs low. From the customer point of view, they were able to buy low cost furniture, even though they had to assemble and collect the flat-packed furniture from stores. IKEA to was able to reduce costs, as this costly part of the value chain was carried out by the customer. Adding to that, IKEA promoted the Swedish lifestyle. Many people associate Sweden with a fresh, healthy way of life. This Swedish lifestyle is reflected in the IKEA product range. The freshness of the open air is reflected in the colors and materials used and the sense of space they create: blond woods, natural textiles and untreated surfaces. Also IKEA stores promote Swedish food and products. IKEAs low-priced restaurant and grocery shop have made IKEA Sweden’s leading food exporter. However, global expansion was not without problems for IKEA. During the 1980’s environmental problems arose with some of IKEAs products and during the 1990’s IKEA was accused that its suppliers were using child labor. In the 1980’s the formaldehyde regulations passed in Denmark caused problems to IKEA. After the discovery that some of its products emitted more formaldehyde than the legislation allowed the company was fined. The company responded and established stringent requirements regarding formaldehyde emissions. Even though, the problem did not vanish as in 1992 a German investigation team found that an IKEA bookcase had higher emissions that the ones allowed by the German law. Since then, IKEA has improved its procedures to evaluate the environmental impact of its products. Currently, IKEA uses a tool called the ‘e-Wheel’ to evaluate the environmental impact of its products. The e-Wheel  helps IKEA to analyze the four stages within the life of a product. This also helps suppliers improve their understanding of the environmental impact of the products they are supplying (The Times 100). Next, the issue with child labor arose in 1994 when a Swedish television documentary showed children in Pakistan working at weaving looms. IKEA was one of the several Swedish companies that were mentioned as importers of carpets from Pakistan. IKEA was unaware of the problem and tried to respond by sending a legal team to Geneva  for input and advice from the International Labor. Association(ILO). IKEA discovered that child labor was not illegal in these countries so the only way to handle the problem was by adding a clause for child labor in their contracts and outsource the monitoring of this clause to a third party company. But it seems that this measure was not effective enough, as in 2007, Anders Dahlvig, the multi-national’s Chief Executive Officer, admitted that some of the company’s products were still produced using child labor (Wadsworth, 2007). Key Issues and Players The key players in this case are the IKEA company and its suppliers. In order to keep its competitive advantage IKEA outsources its product manufacturing to third party suppliers throughout the world. But, this practice is often the source of many issues. Many times the legislation in these countries does not match the standards and the ethical values of the western developed countries which are the main customer base of the company. This fact can cause issues like weak environmental policies or child labor that hurt the public image of the company. This has direct effect on the company’s sales. Problem The main problem that IKEA faces nowadays is the uncontrolled child labor in countries which supply the company with carpets. Child labor in countries like India and Pakistan is a common phenomenon. The company lacks effective ways to control its suppliers in these countries. At the same time, child  labor is socially acceptable in these places as poverty pushes people to find ways to survive. So the company cannot rely on the local authorities for help. Also, any attempts on behalf of IKEA to control this issue didn’t seem to succeed. Alternative Solutions A possible solution for controlling the child labor for IKEA is to cancel any contracts with suppliers in countries that do not adopt the convention 138 of ILO, that deals with the child labor issues. This way IKEA will be able to get assistance for child labor issues from local authorities since it will be prohibited by local laws. Another solution would be to come to more strict agreements with the suppliers and launch intensive controls for the effectuation of the agreement. Selected Solution The selected solution is IKEA to enhance its agreements with the suppliers and intensify its controls against child labor. The company should appoint inspectors in these countries that would inspect the suppliers and report the situation on frequent basis Results and Rationale of the Solution The cancelation of the contracts does not seem a rational choice at the moment because it will have a big cost for the company. The company will need to find new suppliers in other countries with higher labor cost and doubtable product quality. This is a move with higher risk and cost that the selected solution. Positive and Negative Results The positive results of the selected solution are that the child labor issues will decrease and the company’s profile will be protected. The negative results are that the company’s cost will increase as inspection staff will be hired to perform the inspections and some contracts will need to be canceled due to failure to adhere to the conditions of the contract by the suppliers References Barlett, C., Ghoshal, S., & Beamish, P. (2008). Transnational Management. Singapore: McGraw-Hill. Building a sustainable supply chain. (n.d.). Retrieved November 27, 2010, from The Times 100: http://www.thetimes100.co.uk/case-study–building-a-sustainable-supply-chain–110-279-3.php IKEA. (n.d.). Retrieved November 28, 2010, from IKEA: http://www.ikea.com/ms/sv_SE/about_ikea/facts_and_figures/ikea_group_stores/index.html Wadsworth, M. (2007, May 22). IKEA exposed over ‘child Labour’ and green issues. Retrieved November 27, 2010, from The Latest: http://www.the-latest.com/ikea-slammed-over-child-labour-andgreen-issues

The Never Ending Problem Of Chicago - 1890 Words

D’Kota Sams Mrs. Gallos English 3 Honors 6 April 2017 The Never Ending Problem in Chicago Since the 1950s everyone in America has known of the major problem plaguing southern and western Chicago streets: extreme amounts unnecessary of violence. This topic has become even more publicly known with the recent presidential election between Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton, where Trump spoke about the violence on multiple occasions as well as taking the topic to twitter a few times (Chicago Still Isn’t). Also, the number of murders, homicides, and other regular crimes all increased dramatically in 2016, breaking almost all statistics from previous years. Even though the violence does create jobs in the police force, the violence needs to be†¦show more content†¦Gangsters say that it becomes more of a lifestyle than a hobby. And because of this dedication, it has become extremely hard to get members to quit, or leave the gang, once they become an adult. After 2014, when Chicago’s death tolls dropped below average rates, the violence has begun to rise again. And with the â€Å"chaos† picking back up in 2015, nobody was prepared for the devastation that would take place in 2016. Statistics skyrocketed last year, becoming one for the record books. A major benefactor towards the number of deaths, has been the increase in gun violence. Guns are being brought into Chicago, from states like Virginia, Kentucky, and South Carolina, illegally. The Police (See Chicago’s Deadly) Department â€Å"did note, however, that more homicides were committed with guns in Chicago than other cities† (Gorner). Due to this increase in deaths, popular rappers, such as King Louie, Chief Keef, and Lil Durk have started referring to Chicago as â€Å"Chiraq†. This name, coming from a combination of Chicago and Iraq, was created by young blacks who said â€Å"it’s like a war zone in some neighborhoods† (There’s a Reason). The term has become an abbreviation for life, death, and anger that poverty stricken people of color experience in the city (What’s In A Nickname). Another study done by the Chicago Police Department showed that â€Å"in 2016, about 91 percent of Chicago sShow MoreRelatedAllegiant by Veronica Roth873 Words   |  4 PagesNew truths change the minds and hearts of those she loves. Once again, Tris has to battle to discover the complexities of human nature and face impossible choices using courage, allegiance, sacri fice, and love. As Allegiant begins, the new head of Chicago, Tobias’ mother, considers the release of the video, a video from the past about the factions, to be an act of rebellion for some unknown reason. Now, the Factionless have control of the city, and they have dissolved the factions, which makes mostRead Moreâ€Å"the Woman Hanging from the Thirteenth Floor Window†1293 Words   |  6 Pagesrepresent bigger picture. 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